DUGi

Patr贸 de consum de tabac, alcohol i c脿nnabis en estudiants de 1r i 2n d鈥橢SO

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Drug abuse is a public health problem related to habits acquired in adolescence. The school environment is a suitable place to collect information about the behaviours and habits of teenagers. The aim of this study is to describe the pattern of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis consumption of 1st and 2nd ESO students in Santa Maria de Palautordera and Sant Esteve de Palautordera and its characteristics. From a descriptive, cross-section study with a sample of 207 students (average age: 12,8 years; DT: 0,73), 42,99% women, we can see what the model of consumption of these substances looks like in the early stages of adolescence. The results show that a high percentage of participants have had contact with alcohol (30, 4%), with tobacco (13%) and with cannabis (4,4%). Some have experienced binge drinking (4,35%) and drunkenness (2,41%). Alcohol is the most consumed and most socially accepted drug. 55% of students have consumed alcohol in a family context and 41,7% in discos or bars. Most students associate alcohol with entertainment (69,4%) and with being an adult (33,2%). Half of the students have friends who smoke or drink alcohol and 1 of every 4 has friends who consume cannabis. Most claim that cannabis is dangerous (78%) and that tobacco and alcohol are only moderately dangerous (68% and 66,7%, respectively). It is worth noting that the substances-using teenagers who took part in this study tend to show a pessimistic frame of mind; they have average family relationships but they have a negative perception of their personal health status and a limited or abnormal mental health status. These results are consistent with other studies which indicate an early start of experimentation with drugs in rural areas. It concludes that promotion and health prevention activities should be undertaken before the first contact with different substances, with a view to delaying the age of first experimentation in order to improve the skills which would enable the youngster to cope with social and peer pressure, while taking into account all risk factors and influences which may affect teenagers

El consum de drogues 茅s un problema de salut p煤blica que es relaciona amb els h脿bits adquirits en l鈥檃dolesc猫ncia. L鈥檈ntorn escolar 茅s un lloc adient per registrar informaci贸 sobre comportaments i h脿bits dels adolescents. L鈥檕bjectiu d鈥檃quest treball 茅s descriure el patr贸 de consum de tabac, alcohol i c脿nnabis en estudiants de 1r i 2n d鈥橢SO de Santa Maria de Palautordera i Sant Esteve de Palautordera i les seves caracter铆stiques. A partir d鈥檜n estudi descriptiu transversal amb una mostra de 207 alumnes (edat mitjana: 12,8 anys; DT:0,73) 42,99% noies, s鈥檕bserva quin 茅s el model de consum d鈥檃questes subst脿ncies en les primeres etapes de l鈥檃dolesc猫ncia. Els resultats mostren que un percentatge elevat dels participants han tingut contacte amb l鈥檃lcohol (30,4%), el tabac (13%) i el c脿nnabis (4,4%). Alguns han experimentat amb el consum intensiu d鈥檃lcohol (4,35%) i les borratxeres (2,41%). L鈥檃lcohol 茅s la droga m茅s consumida i socialment m茅s acceptada. Un 55% ha pres alcohol en fam铆lia i un 41,7% en discoteques o bars. Els menors relacionen l鈥檃lcohol amb la diversi贸 (69,4%) i amb ser adult (33,2%). La meitat dels estudiants tenen amics que fumen o beuen alcohol i 1 de cada 4 t茅 amics que consumeixen c脿nnabis. La majoria afirmen que el c脿nnabis 茅s molt perill贸s (78%) i que el tabac i l鈥檃lcohol nom茅s ho s贸n moderadament (68% i 66,7%, respectivament). S鈥檕bserva que els joves de l鈥檈studi que s贸n consumidors de subst脿ncies mostren un estat d鈥櫭爊im negatiu, relacions familiars regulars, un pitjor estat de salut autopercebut i un estat de salut mental l铆mit o anormal. Aquests resultats concorden amb d鈥檃ltres treballs que assenyalen un inici preco莽 en l鈥檈xperimentaci贸 amb les drogues en l鈥櫭爉bit rural. Es conclou que les activitats de promoci贸 i prevenci贸 de la salut s鈥檋aurien de realitzar abans del primer contacte amb les diferents subst脿ncies per retardar l鈥檈dat de la primera experimentaci贸, potenciant habilitats que permetin al menor fer front a la pressi贸 social i del grup d鈥檌guals, a m茅s de tenir en compte tots els factors de risc i a tots els agents influents en la poblaci贸 adolescent