DUGi

Avaluació i disseny d’un sistema de depuració natural per a aigües grises d’un habitatge unifamiliar ubicat al municipi de Vilobí d’Onyar

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This work presents the detailed design of a natural treatment system intended for the purification of greywater generated by a single-family household located in the municipality of Vilobí d’Onyar, in the region of La Selva. The main objective of the project is to implement a sustainable, efficient, and rural-adapted solution for decentralized management of domestic water resources, thereby contributing to environmental preservation and the reuse of water for non-potable purposes. A combined treatment system has been selected, consisting of three main components: a grease trap to remove floating particles and solid materials, a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland that functions as a natural biological filter through the combined action of substrate, vegetation, and microorganisms, and finally a collection pond for storing the treated water, which can subsequently be reused for activities such as garden irrigation, exterior cleaning, or aquifer recharge. The system design has been carried out using well-established technical criteria drawn from scientific and technical literature, taking into account variables such as the average flow rate per inhabitant, the typical pollutant load of greywater, and local climatic conditions. In addition, the simulation tool Nat4Wat, developed by the Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), has been used to model various operational scenarios and optimize the design according to variations in flow and contaminant concentrations such as organic matter, total nitrogen, and suspended solids. The results show that the system is capable of achieving high removal rates of contaminants. Furthermore, the system stands out for its landscape integration, low maintenance costs, and high adaptability to different usage conditions. In conclusion, this is a technically viable and environmentally responsible proposal, especially suited for rural areas with limited water resources, where optimizing water use and minimizing the environmental impact of domestic activities is essential

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