DUGi

Determinants de la desigualtat : un estudi empíric

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While it is true that articles and theoretical works have been written that have suggested various causes of inequality over time, empirical works — which act as filter to determine which of these causes are significant- scarce. The aim of this work is precisely to demonstrate, through a model of ordinary least squares and for a sample of 90 countries in 4 years (1994, 2001, 2009 and 2015), what causes of inequality pointed out by the theory really are empirically relevant. Schematically, the results globally show that variables related to development and globalization — both positively as well as negatively — they are significant. The variables of ethnic difference and fertility rate are closely related to high degrees of inequality. In the second model both institutional quality and inflation are also shown significant to explain the inequality. Additionally, the comparison between continents largely confirms the results obtained in the joint sample and a further highlights the close relationship between rising inequality and financial globalization. Finally, the work suggests that institutions are crucial to combating inequality, because they are the only ones with the power to legislate and reverse negative factors to achieve a more equitable society